dyschromatopsia

The disorder that prevents correct perception of colors it is known by the name of discromatopsia o colorblindness. Having an abnormal color vision often implies partial blindness to certain colors or even, but less common, the limitation to perceive any color. 

Dyschromatopsia, or color vision disorders, It may be a hereditary eye disease, congenital y acquired, and affects more men than women.

dyschromatopsia

The disorder that prevents correct perception of colors it is known by the name of discromatopsia o colorblindness. Having an abnormal color vision often implies partial blindness to certain colors or even, but less common, the limitation to perceive any color. 

Dyschromatopsia, or color vision disorders, It may be a hereditary eye disease, congenital y acquired, and affects more men than women.

What is dyschromatopsia?

To correctly understand what dyschromatopsia is, it is necessary to explain how it is possible for the eye to distinguish colors. The retina is the light-sensitive tissue on which images are projected. This membrane has photoreceptor cells, called cones and rods. 

The canes are activated in the dark and are responsible for distinguishing white, black and grayscale tones. The cones are activated in bright environments and are responsible for distinguishing other colors. There are three types of cone cells: red sensitive, green sensitive and blue sensitive. 

La dyschromatopsia is the alteration of color vision that causes partial color blindness. The most common form of dyschromatopsia is color blindness, condition in which a person may present partial blindness to the Red, Verde or azul and, therefore, it is difficult to correctly identify the more than 200 tones that the human eye can detect.

Difference Between Color Blindness and Dyschromatopsia

Daltonism and dyschromatopsia are terms that they are used to define the chromatic alteration in vision.

Now, the dichromatopsia is a term used generically in medical terms. Covers any disturbance in color vision, whether acquired or congenital while colorblindness is used specifically to those that have a hereditary genetic origin.

In any case, the term dyschromatopsia can also be used for those problems of color perception with hereditary origin, in this case it is called congenital dyschromatopsia or color blindness.

  • La congenital dyschromatopsia es asymmetric and acquired es symmetric.
  • La congenital dyschromatopsia is a stable defect and acquired is a deffect variable.
  • La congenital dyschromatopsia affects more the red perception and VerdeWhile acquired alter the la blue vision, yellow, Red and Verde.
  • La congenital dyschromatopsia, a difference from the acquirednot associated with other visual defects and the acquired yes.

In turn, there are other terms to classify the types of color blindness, let's see:

discromatopsia
  • deuteranopia: alteration that prevents seeing the green color correctly due to deficiency of cones sensitive to this tone. 
  • protanopia: alteration that prevents seeing normally the red color due to deficiency of cones sensitive to this tone. 
  • tritanopia: alteration that prevents seeing correctly the blue color due to deficiency of cones sensitive to this tone. 
  • achromatopsia: alteration that prevents seeing any color due to the deficiency in the functioning of all cone cells.

Causes of dyschromatopsia

As we mentioned at the beginning, dyschromatopsia is caused by a defect in the function of the photoreceptor cells of the retina.

Such alteration can occur during the development of the embryo, developing a color blindness or congenital dyschromatopsia. 

It may also be the case that the dichromatopsia is acquired, and usually associated with the following factors:

  • Lens pathologies as the waterfall with blue-yellow dyschromatopsia.
  • La macular degeneration extensive and macular serous detachments.
  • Optic nerve diseases such as glaucoma.
  • Choroidal pathology which stimulates the irrigation of the retina where the photoreceptors are (cones and rods).

Tests for the diagnosis of dyschromatopsia

There are different diagnostic instruments to detect dyschromatopsia, but the most used is the Color Perception Test, also known as Ishihara test.

The exam consists of showing the patient a series of sheets showing colors and numbers formed by a set of dots

The person without any alteration in the perception of colors will be able to appreciate the colors and numbers of each sheet correctly, while those who have some type of dyschromatopsia will observe different numbers and colors.

Through the Ishihara Test, color blindness and its different types can be diagnosed. 

ishihara test dyschromatopsia

Another diagnostic test to detect dyschromatopsia is the Fansworth-Munsell test 100Hue, 28Hue or 15Hue.

The test consists of 85 or 15 shades of colors in discs where the patient must classify color and range in separate rows. This test is the most effective for detecting congenital and acquired defects.

Do you have a cure?

Dyschromatopsia is a visual disturbance that does not have a definitive treatment.

Currently, there are special glasses and contact lenses which are very helpful for the person can identify colors similar to those he cannot see. The treatment of dyschromatopsia, therefore, is more focused on offering quality of life to people who suffer from this condition. 

When the dyschromatopsia is acquired, depending on the cause we can offer a treatment to the cause of this alteration by solve dyschromatopsia. For example, in cases of cataracts you can opt for the cataract operation which consists of implanting an intraocular lens that replaces the lens and definitively corrects this disease.

En Área Oftalmológica Avanzada We have the experts you need

In this campor, in addition to the electrophysiology and imaging diagnostic systems, problems recovery guidelines are established that until now had very few improvement options.

Through a team of neuropsychologists, we can propose the recovery of problems secondary to neurological processes that affect vision, such as those that appear after an embolism-like vascular process or thrombosis. We have specialized in the diagnosis and functional treatment of vision problems related to senile dementia and Alzheimer's disease, improving visual memory, attention and visuospatial schemes.

If you think you have any symptoms of neuro-ophthalmic disorder, do not hesitate to contact our experts in Área Oftalmológica Avanzada. The sooner we can identify vision problems, the faster the recovery. We will wait for you!

Summary
Dichromatopsia that is and differences to color blindness
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Dichromatopsia that is and differences to color blindness
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Dyschromatopsia is closely related to color blindness. We tell you what it is, its characteristics, types and diagnosis.
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Área Oftalmológica Avanzada
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