We present the dictionary of ophthalmology terms. In it you will find what each of the ophthalmological terms is as well as the symptoms, pathology associated with each of the eye diseases and the most appropriate treatments.
a
- AberrometryAberrometry is a technique that analyzes complex systems of light waves to quantify (...) Read more
- Visual acuity Visual acuity is the value that our ability to identify images and (...) Read more
- Macular holeThe macular hole is a break that occurs in the macula and is usually (...) Read more
- Ocular albinismOcular albinism is a genetic condition characterized by a shortage of (...) Read more
- Amblyopia or lazy eyeAmblyopia is the loss of visual acuity that occurs without any type of alteration in (...) Read more
- Amplength of accommodationLa ampaccommodation lititude is the maximum ability of the eye to focus with the lens. Read more
- Ocular Response Analyzer (ORA) - CorvisThe Ocular Response Analyzer (ORA) is a tonometer that allows calculating the properties (...) Read more
- eye angiographyOcular angiography is a diagnostic test that helps to study the vascular system of the (...) Read more
á
- iridocorneal angleThe iridocorneal angle is the angle formed by the sclera, iris, and sclera at the (...) Read more
a
- intrastromal rings Intrastromal rings are semicircular segments that are made of (...) Read more
- aniseikoniaAniseiconia is a condition that affects binocular vision and causes the eyes to see (...) Read more
- AnisocoriaAnisocoria is an eye problem that occurs when pupils of different sizes occur. Read more
- anisometropiaAnisometropia consists of a high diopter difference between the two eyes. Read more
- Anti-VEGFAnti-VEGFs are drugs that come from the pharmaceutical industry and work to (...) Read more
- Lachrymal apparatusThe lacrimal apparatus is the set of structures that make possible the production, secretion, (...) Read more
- AsthenopiaAsthenopia is the discomfort that occurs when the eye has made a visual effort (...) Read more
- AstigmatismAstigmatism is a refractive problem that affects both distance and near vision. Is caused(...) Read more
- AutorefractometerThe autorefractometer is a machine that helps the optometrist to automatically measure the (...) Read more
b
- biofeedbackBiofeedback is a modern technique that helps the patient to change physiological activities (...) Read more
- eye biometryOcular biometry is an exam that is performed to know different ocular parameters, (...) Read more
- BlefaritisBlepharitis is inflammation of the eyelids, usually occurs in both eyelids and affects (...) Read more
- BuphthalmosBuphthalmos is a consequence of congenital glaucoma, a disease that causes an increase (...) Read more
c
- Campimetrythe campimetry is the diagnostic technique used to examine the campor visual and diagnose (...) Read more
- Schlemm CanalSchlemm's canal is a structure in the eye that drains aqueous humor into the veins (...) Read more
- YAG capsulotomyYAG capsulotomy is a treatment performed to correct the opacity of the capsule (...) Read more
- CataractCataracts are the partial or total opacification of the lens, the natural lens of the eye, (...) Read more
- ConjunctivaThe conjunctiva of the eye is the thin tissue that covers the entire sclera and the inner part of (...) Read more
- ConjunctivitisConjunctivitis is inflammation of the conjunctiva, the transparent tissue that protects the (...) Read more
- myopia controlThe control of myopia is especially important in young people and its purpose is (...) Read more
- CorneaThe cornea is a transparent structure of the eye that allows light to enter from the (...) Read more
- ChoroidThe choroid is a membrane that is part of the uvea and the posterior uvea is responsible for (...) Read more
- Central serous choroidopathy Central serous choroidopathy is a serous detachment that occurs when the accumulation of (...) Read more
- cover testThe cover test is an exam that allows binocular vision to be evaluated to detect the presence (...) Read more
- CrystallineThe lens of the eye is a transparent and colorless lens whose main function is to focus (...) Read more
- Ciliary bodyThe ciliary body is a ring-shaped ocular structure that together with the iris and (...) Read more
d
- DacryocystitisDacryocystitis is inflammation of the lacrimal sac, the part of the lacrimal apparatus that (...) Read more
- DacryocystorhinostomyDacryocystorhinostomy aims to create a new channel for drainage of the (...) Read more
- DacryolitesDacryoliths are stones that form in the inner part of the tear duct that (...) Read more
- Macular degenerationMacular degeneration or AMD is a disease that damages the macula progressively (...) Read more
- Endothelial cell densityThe endothelial cell count or confocal microscopy is a diagnostic instrument that (...) Read more
- Retinal detachmentRetinal detachment occurs when a tear separates the entire retina or layers of (...) Read more
- vitreous detachmentOver the years, the vitreous humor loses its consistency and becomes more liquid, (...) Read more
- DiopterDiopter is the unit that measures the power of a lens and is equal to the reciprocal of its (...) Read more
- DiplopiaDiplopia is the visual alteration that occurs when the person sees two images of the same (...) Read more
- Distance White WhiteThe white blank distance test allows you to measure the horizontal corneal diameter. This measure(...) Read more
- Corneal dystrophiesCorneal dystrophies are a group of rare and genetic disorders that affect the (...) Read more
- Retinal dystrophiesRetinal dystrophies are a group of inherited diseases that alter the retina, (...) Read more
- Headache and eyesThis symptom is very common in people who spend many hours in front of the computer, who suffer (...) Read more
- DrusesDrusen are yellowish deposits of debris and cellular debris present in the eye that (...) Read more
e
- eye ultrasoundEye ultrasound is a diagnostic test that is performed with high-quality ultrasound (...) Read more
- corneal ectasia Corneal ectasia, also known as keratectasia, is a disorder that causes the (...) Read more
- corneal edemaCorneal edema is the retention of fluid in the cornea and its most frequent cause is due to (...) Read more
- Cystic Macular EdemaCystic macular edema is the accumulation of fluid in the macula. Read more
- Eyelid edemaEyelid edema is inflammation of the eyelid due to the accumulation of fluid in the (...) Read more
- ElectrooculogramThe electrooculogram is a diagnostic instrument used in ophthalmology to (...) Read more
- electroretinogramThe electroretinogram is the test performed to study the electrical response of the (...) Read more
- Enucleation of the eyeEnucleation of the eye is a surgery in which we completely remove the eyeball (...) Read more
- epicanthusEpicanthus is the formation of skin folds on the eyelids that extend to the (...) Read more
- retinal pigment epithelium The pigment epithelium is the outermost layer of the retina that is composed of (...) Read more
- corneal erosionCorneal erosion is an alteration that occurs when the corneal epithelium becomes disconnected from the (...) Read more
- What is non-penetrating deep sclerectomy?EPNP is a drainage surgery technique that is used to decrease elevated levels (...) Read more
- scleraThe sclera is a white, fibrous tissue that lines the back of the eye, from the (...) Read more
- ScotomaThe scotoma is a blind spot that forms in vision. This void of vision can be (...) Read more
- Eyelid spasmsEyelid spasms are fairly common and usually harmless eyelid twitching. Read more
- stereopsisThe stereopsis test is used to measure the last and best degree of binocular vision, (...) Read more
- Thyroid exophthalmusThyroid exophthalmus is a condition that causes the eyes to project outward from (...) Read more
f
- PhacoemulsificationPhacoemulsification is a surgical technique used to definitively treat (...) Read more
- eye fixationVisual fixation is the monocular ability of the eye to keep the gaze focused (...) Read more
- Accommodation flexibilityAccommodation flexibility measures the ability and speed of the eye to focus (...) Read more
- Vergence flexibilityVergence flexibility is a qualitative test that allows evaluating the behavior (...) Read more
- Eye fundusThe fundus examination allows the ophthalmologist to observe, in detail, the segment (...) Read more
- phoriaOcular phoria is the hidden deviation of the visual axes that, in general, is (...) Read more
- PhoropterThe phoropter is an instrument used by the optometrist and ophthalmologist to calculate the (...) Read more
- Phosphenes or photopsiasPhosphenes are the flashes of light or luminous points that appear in the campor visual(...) Read more
- Laser photocoagulation Laser photocoagulation is a surgery capable of sealing the leakage of the vessels (...) Read more
- Eye foveaThe fovea is located in the center of the macula and, for practical purposes, is the center of the campor(...) Read more
- lensmeterThe lensometer or lensometer is an instrument that ophthalmologists use to measure (...) Read more
g
- GDx in ophthalmologyGDx or laser scanning polarimetry consists of a scanning technique through (...) Read more
- Meibomian glandsThe meibomian glands are sebaceous structures that are located along the (...) Read more
- GlaucomaGlaucoma is an eye disease characterized by a significant increase in the (...) Read more
- GonioscopyGonioscopy is a medical examination that is done to study the amplength of the angle to be (...) Read more
h
- halosHalos are circles of diffuse light that form around a light source, (...) Read more
- HD AnalyzerThe HD Analyzer is a diagnostic equipment that allows to measure the visual quality of (...) Read more
- retinal hemorrhageRetinal hemorrhage is bleeding from the blood vessels inside the eye. Read more
- subconjunctival hemorrhageSubjonjunctival hemorrhage or hyposphagmus is the rupture of one of the blood vessels of the (...) Read more
- vitreous hemorrhage Vitreous hemorrhage, also known as hemovitreous, occurs when blood enters (...) Read more
- FarsightednessMyopia is a refractive error that causes a person to see objects that are close by blurry. Read more
- Corneal hysteresisCorneal hysteresis (CH) is a parameter that indicates the damping capacity of the cornea. Read more
- HRT in ophthalmologyHRT (Heidelberges Retina Tomography) consists of a confocal laser scanning system that (...) Read more
- Aqueous humorAqueous humor is a colorless and transparent substance found in the chamber (...) Read more
- Vitreous humorThe vitreous humor is a transparent and jelly-like substance found in the chamber (...) Read more
i
- Iridotomy Laser iridotomy is a surgical treatment used to treat angle glaucoma (...) Read more
- Iris of the eyeThe iris is the colored part of the eye, an ocular membrane that is located between the cornea and (...) Read more
k
- KeratographThe Keratograph is a corneal topographer that has a high definition camera and a system of (...) Read more
l
- Artificial tearsArtificial tears are administered into the eyes to try to replace the function of the (...) Read more
- Slit LampThe slit lamp is a binocular microscope that contains a high intensity light (...) Read more
- Femtosecond laserThe femtosecond laser is the most accurate laser currently available to perform (...) Read more
- LASIKLASIK stands for "laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis", and is a surgical technique (...) Read more
- Contact lensesContact lenses or contact lenses are a type of thin, curved lens that is placed over (...) Read more
- Contact lenses for myopia controlContact lenses for myopia control are new lenses that help to (...) Read more
- Phakic lensesPhakic lenses are intraocular lenses that are inserted in front of the crystalline lens (...) Read more
- Intraocular lenses for cataractsIntraocular lenses (IOLs) are small, artificial lenses that replace the crystalline lens (...) Read more
- therapeutic lensIts function is to minimize the effect of intense lighting, promote hydration of the eye and (...) Read more
- axial lengthAxial length is the distance between the back and the front of the eye. Read more
m
- Eye MaculaThe macula is a very small and thin structure that is part of the retina and is the (...) Read more
- Trabecular meshThe trabecular meshwork is responsible for draining the aqueous humor to keep the (...) Read more
- macular epiretinal membraneThe macular epiretinal membrane (MEM) is the growth of a translucent cellular tissue (...) Read more
- MetamorfopsiasMetamorphopsia is the distorted vision of images that makes a person perceive, (...) Read more
- Myasthenia gravisMyasthenia gravis is a neuromuscular disease that causes weakness and fatigue in the (...) Read more
- Specular MicroscopySpecular microscopy is a diagnostic test that allows the ophthalmologist to examine the (...) Read more
- MydriasisWhen we are in a very dark environment, the pupil dilates to increase the amount of light (...) Read more
- MyodesopsiasMyodesopsia or flying flies is the projection of bodies or flies in the campor visual Read more
- MyopiaMyopia is a refractive defect that makes the person see blurry objects that are far away. Read more
- MyosisWhen the eye is in front of a very bright light, the pupil becomes smaller, that is, (...) Read more
- MonovisionMonovision is a surgical treatment to correct presbyopia that consists of a (...) Read more
- Eye MotilityOcular motility is all the spontaneous, automatic and coordinated movements that (...) Read more
- extraocular musclesFor the eye to have normal mobility, it needs the help of 6 muscles that receive the (...) Read more
n
- Optic nerveThe optic nerve is a sensitive nerve that originates in the retina and is responsible for (...) Read more
- optic neuropathyOptic neuropathy is an eye disease that occurs when excessive inflammation (...) Read more
- Ischemic optic neuropathyIschemic optic neuropathy (ION) is the consequence of an infarction that occurs in the papilla (...) Read more
- Ocular nevusAn ocular nevus is a kind of benign mole that can form in the front area of the eye, (...) Read more
- NistagmusNystagmus is a fairly complex and rare condition that causes movement (...) Read more
o
- Central retinal artery occlusionBlockage of the retinal artery is known as central retinal artery occlusion. ... Read more
- retinal vein occlusionRetinal venous occlusion occurs when a blood clot obstructs the circulation of (...) Read more
- OCT - Optical Coherence TomographyOptical coherence tomography, also known as macular OCT, is an imaging test (...) Read more
- OphthalmoscopyOphthalmoscopy is a test that allows a deep evaluation of the fundus of the eye through (...) Read more
- Dry EyeDry eye is a chronic disease that occurs when the eye does not produce the amount or (...) Read more
ó
- Eye orbitThe ocular orbit are the two orbital cavities that house the eyeballs and all the (...) Read more
o
- OrthokeratologyOrthokeratology is a specialty of contactology that is dedicated to the adaptation of (...) Read more
- Stye and chalazionThe stye and the chalazion are the cause of the appearance of a lump on the eyelids. (...) Read more
- OSI (Objective Scatter Index)The OSI (Objective Scatter Index) is the objective scatter index of the (...) Read more
p
- Corneal pachymetryCorneal pachymetry is the test used in ophthalmology to measure the thickness of the (...) Read more
- Ocular or oculomotor muscle palsyOculomotor palsy is the loss of function of the eye muscles. Read more
- oculomotor paresisOculomotor paresis is the partial deficit of movement or strength of one of the (...) Read more
- EyelidsThe eyelids are the most important protection system for the eyes, consisting of two (...) Read more
- Tear filmThe tear film is a thin layer of fluid that lines the cornea and conjunctiva. Read more
- TabsEyelashes are a group of hairs that grow on the edge of the eyelids that help protect (...) Read more
- anterior pole of the eyeThe anterior pole of the eyeball is called the area between the cornea and the (...) Read more
- Posterior eye poleThe posterior pole of the eyeball is called the area between the back of the (...) Read more
- Evoked potentialsEvoked potentials are diagnostic tests that allow evaluating the functioning of the (...) Read more
- PresbyopiaPresbyopia is a refractive defect caused by loss of accommodation as the (...) Read more
- Intraocular pressure (IOP)Intraocular pressure is the pressure exerted by the aqueous humor of the eye against the structures (...) Read more
- optical prismThe optical prism or Newton's prism is the object capable of refracting, reflecting and decomposing the (...) Read more
- PRKPRK is a refractive surgery technique that has been used since 1996 to correct myopia, (...) Read more
- Anterior chamber depthThe depth of the anterior chamber of the eye or ACD is the term used to refer to (...) Read more
- ocular prosthesisAn ocular prosthesis is a replacement for the eye that is used to compensate for the problem (...) Read more
- Pterygium and pingueculaPterygium and pinguecula are benign conditions that grow in the conjunctiva of the eye and that (...) Read more
- Eyelid ptosisEyelid ptosis is a condition that appears as a consequence of dysfunction of the (...) Read more
- Near Convergence Point or PPCThe near point of convergence is a test that allows the ophthalmologist to detect the point (...) Read more
- PupilThe pupil is the black point in the center of the iris and has the property of (...) Read more
- PupillometryPupillometry is a test that allows knowing the size of the pupil and its response to (...) Read more
q
- KeratitisKeratitis or corneal ulcer is an inflammation that generally occurs in the layer (...) Read more
- KeratoconjunctivitisChratoconjunctivitis is the consequence of chronic dryness of the ocular surface. Read more
- KeratoconusKeratoconus is a degenerative disease that causes progressive malformation of the (...) Read more
- KeratometryKeratometry is a diagnostic test that allows knowing exactly what the radius (...) Read more
r
- Radiofrequency for the eyesRadiofrequency is a treatment that offers to improve the production and lipid secretion of (...) Read more
- glasses prescriptionA prescription for glasses contains a series of values that indicate to the ophthalmologist the (...) Read more
- Optical graduation recipeThe prescription for optical graduation is a document that describes the correction that each (...) Read more
- Pupillary reflexesPupillary reflexes are the response that the pupil exerts when it is exposed to a lot of or (...) Read more
- eye refractionOcular refraction is the measurement of the entry of light rays into the eye and the calculation of (...) Read more
- Amsler gridThe Amsler grid is a test that allows the ophthalmologist to study the functioning of the (...) Read more
- RetinaThe retina is a sensitive organ that processes light and transforms it into nerve impulses that (...) Read more
- RetinoblastomaRetinoblastoma is a very rare malignant tumor that forms in the retina of the eye and affects (...) Read more
- RetinographyRetinography is a diagnostic test used by ophthalmologists to obtain a (...) Read more
- Retinopathy of prematurityRetinopathy of prematurity is an eye disorder characterized by the growth of (...) Read more
- Diabetic retinopathyDiabetic retinopathy is a complication of diabetes that affects the eyes causing (...) Read more
- Hypertensive retinopathyHypertensive retinopathy is a disease that occurs in the blood vessels of the (...) Read more
- RetinoscopyRetinocospia is the test that measures the refractive power of an eye by interpreting (...) Read more
- Retinitis pigmentosaRetinitis pigmentosa is not a single disease, but rather a set of disorders (...) Read more
s
- Contrast sensitivityContrast sensitivity is the ability of the visual system to differentiate a (...) Read more
- Brown's syndromeBrown syndrome is a restrictive strabismus caused by an inability to (...) Read more
- Duane syndromeDuane syndrome is a restrictive strabismus caused by an innervation of the (...) Read more
- Sjorgen's syndromeSjörgen syndrome is an autoimmune disease that affects the glands that produce (...) Read more
- Autologous serumAutologous serum is an eye drop that is made from the patient's blood and that (...) Read more
t
- Visual therapyVision therapy is a personalized exercise program performed by an optometrist (...) Read more
- Color test in ophthalmologyColor tests are a diagnostic instrument used in ophthalmology to (...) Read more
- Farnsworth testThe Farnsworth Test is a diagnostic test that allows the ophthalmologist to measure the ability (...) Read more
- Ishihara testThe Ishihara test is a test used in ophthalmology to detect any (...) Read more
- Lancastrian testThe Lancaster Test is a test that is carried out to study the state of motor skills of the (...) Read more
- OSDI testThe OSDI test is a simple test that allows to measure the severity and classify the syndrome (...) Read more
- Schirmer testThe Schirmer test is a test that allows studying the functioning of the lacrimal duct (...) Read more
- Tear break up timeThe tear rupture time or BUT is the diagnostic instrument that allows knowing the (...) Read more
- thyroid in eyesHave you heard of bulging eyes, Graves-Basedow disease, or ophthalmopathy (...) Read more
- TonometryOcular tonometry is a diagnostic test performed to measure the pressure (...) Read more
- Corneal TopographyCorneal topography is a test that allows us to obtain a 3D map of the structure of the (...) Read more
- Botulinum toxinBotulinum toxin is a substance produced by certain bacteria, and is used in (...) Read more
- TrabeculotomyTrabeculotomy is a surgical technique whose objective is to reduce the pressure (...) Read more
- Corneal Transplant (Keratoplasty)Corneal transplantation is a surgical procedure performed when the cornea is (...) Read more
- IPL treatment for dry eyePulsed light treatment for dry eye is a revolutionary technique that has been (...) Read more
- TroopsTropias are an alteration of binocular vision that causes deviation of the axes (...) Read more
- Eye tumorsOcular tumors are masses that can form in different tissues of the eye and its cells (...) Read more
ú
- UveaThe uvea is the middle layer of the ocular structure where the choroid, the ciliary body (...) Read more
u
- UveitisUveitis is inflammation of the uvea and can affect the retina, sclera, or other (...) Read more
v
- VaultThe vault is the distance between the posterior face of the intraocular lens and the face (...) Read more
- fusional vergencesThe fusional vergences are the movements made by both eyes at the same time in the direction (...) Read more
- Binocular vision or stereoscopic visionBinocular vision, also known as stereoscopic vision, is the ability that (...) Read more
- VitrectomyVitrectomy is a surgical procedure performed to replace the vitreous humor (...) Read more
