Intraocular lenses are implanted to treat refractive defects of vision, presbyopia or cataract operation. The toric intraocular lens It is specifically used to treat astigmatism in eye surgery and it is adapted, through a preoperative study, to the specific needs of each patient. There are two types of toric lenses, intraocular and intraocular. toric lenses, today we will talk about intraocular.
El astigmatism is a deformation of the cornea and the toric intraocular lens has a different graduation in its main axes, in this way we manage to correct the deformity caused by astigmatism. These differ in their operation and shape compared to traditional intraocular lenses, which are spherical or aspherical and are used to correct cataracts with myopia and hyperopia but without astigmatism.
En Área Oftalmológica Avanzada We explain below what toric lenses are and what they are used for.
What is the toric intraocular lens?
The intraocular lens replaces the power of the eye's natural lens (the crystalline) and, in an intraocular lens implant operation such as cataract surgery, the lens implant, in addition to replace the lens as the natural lens of the eye, corrects refractive errors such as myopia and hyperopia.
If we add toricity to this intraocular lens (toric intraocular lens) we will be eliminating, in addition to the above, astigmatism and, if we add multifocality, we will obtain a vision correction at all three distances (near, intermediate and far vision), this type of lens is known as toric multifocal intraocular lens and is usually used in presbyopia surgery with intraocular lens.
The toric intraocular lens is a type of lens used to remove astigmatism in eye surgery. It is characterized in that it has different optical power and focal length in two mutually perpendicular orientations. This effect is what makes this type of intraocular lens have a special design that allows the lens to create different refractive powers and focus when the eye is in horizontal and vertical direction.
When a person uses a toric lens, the refractive power gradually decreases or increases when moving the eye or focusing in different directions. exist contact lenses toric and intraocular toric.
Types of toric intraocular lenses
First, we are going to explain what the objective of the intraocular lens is. This is placed inside the eye to replace the lens, the natural lens of the ocular structure.
The intraocular lens is placed as an outpatient surgical procedure and is used to correct lens defects that have caused blurred vision irreversible. This lens problem is known as Cataracts.
Until recently, intraocular lenses did not correct astigmatism, but rather the patient had to wear glasses or contact lenses after cataract surgery. Currently, they help correct cataract and astigmatism at the same time.
Toric intraocular lenses can be:
- Toric monofocals: They have a single focus that is intended to correct long-distance vision. Requires the use of glasses for near or intermediate vision.
- Toric bifocals: its two foci allow correcting the defect in far and near vision.
- Trifocals or multifocal toric: It has three foci that allows you to focus correctly at a distance, near and in intermediate distance. These patients have greater independence from the use of glasses after surgery.
What are they used for?
The lens is the natural lens of the eye. Over the years it loses its elasticity and transparency. The first affects its power of accommodation, while the second affects the sharpness of vision. Due, the patient may suffer from any of the following conditions:
- Presbyopia: the presbyopia is the blurry near vision associated with aging. All human beings will suffer from presbyopia from the age of 40. This condition occurs because the loss of elasticity of the lens prevents it from being able to change its shape correctly.
- Cataract: This condition is caused by the opacity of the lens and causes blurred vision at any distance. The only way to correct cataracts is by replacing the lens with an intraocular lens.
The intraocular lens is a treatment option when lens function significantly affects the patient's quality of life.
There are numerous cases where the patient with cataracts also has astigmatism. When this happens, the patient is recommended to have a toric intraocular lens placed, which help correct your vision problems (cataracts and astigmatism) in one operation.
Therefore, toric intraocular lenses are a treatment option for those with cataracts who wish to correct astigmatism and other defects at the same time vision, such as myopia and hyperopia.
If the patient suffers from all vision defects, the ideal is to opt for a toric trifocal intraocular lenses to help you be independent of wearing glasses after surgery.
When to go to the ophthalmologist?
All patients with vision defects should assist the ophthalmologist annually to check your prescription and eye structure. If the patient has cataracts or presbyopia, it is important that the specialist examine her eyes to determine if she is a candidate for surgery and, therefore, if she can choose to use an intraocular lens.
Cataracts are a condition that progresses progressively. At first, blurred vision will not be an impediment to carrying out day-to-day activities. Over the years, when the opacity of the lens is important, the ophthalmologist will recommend replace the framework with an intraocular lens.
Only an ophthalmology specialist can determine if a patient can undergo cataract or presbyopia surgery and what type of intraocular lens should be implanted. For this reason, in case of any doubt or visual symptom, the ideal is to visit the ophthalmologist.
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